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2026-09-22
Yocto Project — an open project that helps build custom Linux systems for embedded devices, regardless of CPU architecture. It is not a distribution, but a set of tools and metadata: from source code an image is built …
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OpenWrt is a free Linux-based firmware for routers and other network devices. It replaces the factory firmware and turns a router into a full system with a package manager: you can run a VPN, split the network into …
Read more2026-09-22
LAMP and LEMP are two classic stacks for PHP sites: Linux, a web server, a database, and PHP. They differ by the web server: LAMP uses Apache, LEMP uses Nginx. In practice the more important difference is how the web …
Read more2026-09-22
Rsync — a utility for copying and synchronizing files, the standard tool for Linux and Unix administrators. Its main feature is delta transfer: if a file already exists on the receiving side, rsync transmits only the …
Read more2026-09-22
When you need to work with files directly on the server — open documents, save projects, keep shared departmental folders — you use network file system protocols. There are two: SMB, familiar to Windows users, and NFS, …
Read more2026-09-22
FreeIPA — a centralized account management system for Linux servers and workstations. It solves the same problem as Active Directory in the Windows world: users, groups, passwords, access rights to servers and sudo rules …
Read more2026-09-22
A firewall, Fail2ban and CrowdSec respond to attacks that are already underway. An audit solves a different task: to find weak spots in the server configuration in advance — extra services, permissive SSH settings, …
Read more2026-09-22
Firewall — the first thing you set up on a new server, even before Fail2ban, CrowdSec, and auditing. Its job is simple: allow only the traffic needed by running services and drop everything else. The fewer open ports, …
Read more2026-09-22
Xen — a Type 1 open-source hypervisor: it runs directly on the hardware, before any operating system. The project is developed under the Linux Foundation, the primary license is GPLv2. Current version — Xen 4.22 (30 July …
Read more2026-09-22
QEMU — a free emulator and virtualizer, distributed under the GPLv2 license. It does two different things. First, it can emulate an entire computer, including a CPU of another architecture: for example, run an ARM system …
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