// Topic
Docker, CI/CD, releases, monitoring, observability, and incident handling.
Typical tasks
// Materials on this topic
42 articles
2026-09-22
I occasionally catch myself thinking “what if someone has already done this?” — after I’ve just written another piece of code. With confgraph, my AI secretary for video conferences, I decided not to …
2026-09-22
A container isolates an application from the host, but the isolation is not absolute: all containers share one kernel. A vulnerability in the image, a process running as root, or excessive privileges can turn a bug in …
2026-09-22
A secret is any data that grants access to a resource: a database password, a payment system or cloud API key, a bot token, a private SSH key. If such a secret ends up in Git, removing it in the next commit does not fix …
2026-09-22
Dockerfile of three lines — FROM node, COPY . ., CMD npm start — works, but in a pipeline such an image builds slowly, is slightly different each time and stops poorly. This section is about proper building: …
2026-09-22
Dockge — a lightweight web interface for managing Docker Compose stacks. It does not store configuration in its own database: each stack is just a regular folder with a compose.yaml file on disk, and Dockge lets you …
2026-09-22
Kamal — a command-line tool from 37signals (creators of Basecamp and Ruby on Rails) for deploying web applications in Docker containers on your own servers. It sits between platforms like Heroku or Vercel, where …
2026-09-22
The requirement to store personal data of citizens of Russia in Russian databases has been in force since 2015, but many companies operated for years using schemes that bypassed it: a form on the site sent the request …
2026-09-22
Migrating a database to a cloud provider rarely boils down to dumping and loading. If the database is large and downtime must be measured in minutes, you need a service that first copies the data, then catches up the …
2026-09-22
Server metrics and logs don’t show everything. If an error occurred in the user’s browser or in a rare code path, the server may not log anything and the user may simply close the page. For such cases there …
2026-09-22
Lab and field data Lighthouse and WebPageTest measure site speed in controlled conditions: one device, one network, one run. This is convenient during development, but real visitors open the site from slow phones, over …
2026-09-22
CI/CD is the practice where every code change is automatically built, tested and delivered to the server. Instead of the manual sequence “copy files, restart the service and check that nothing broke”, this …
2026-09-22
When a single n8n process can no longer handle the number of executions, it is scaled: workflow executions are offloaded to separate worker processes, webhook reception to separate processes, and user code to isolated …
2026-09-22
Connection pooler for PostgreSQL — a program between the application and the database that keeps a small number of real connections to the server and hands them out to clients in turn. The best known are PgBouncer and …
2026-09-22
MinIO — is an open-source object storage compatible with the Amazon S3 API. It was installed on private servers to store files, backups and application data the same way as cloud S3, but on-premises. However, in 2026 the …
2026-09-22
phpMyAdmin works only with MySQL and MariaDB. If you have PostgreSQL, phpMyAdmin won’t connect to it — for PostgreSQL people use pgAdmin or Adminer. Adminer also works for MySQL, so it often replaces phpMyAdmin …
2026-09-22
LAMP and LEMP are two classic stacks for PHP sites: Linux, a web server, a database, and PHP. They differ by the web server: LAMP uses Apache, LEMP uses Nginx. In practice the more important difference is how the web …
2026-09-22
Where to store a company’s files, databases, and backups — on your own equipment or in a provider’s cloud — is not a technical question, but an economic and legal one. The answer determines expenses for several years …
2026-09-22
Cloud automation services — Zapier, Make, Albato — and their comparison with n8n are covered in the third part of the series. This article is about something else: which platforms you can deploy on your own server …
2026-09-22
Jitsi Meet — an open-source video conferencing application (Apache 2.0 license). You can use it on the public server meet.jit.si or install it on your own server: then calls go through your infrastructure, and …
2026-09-22
Caddy, Traefik, HAProxy, Nginx and Apache solve overlapping problems — they accept HTTP requests, terminate TLS and forward traffic to applications — but they are built differently and are good in different places. Below …
2026-09-22
Traefik (pronounced “traffic”) is a reverse proxy and load balancer that takes routes not from a static file but from the environment: from Docker, Kubernetes, files, or service discovery systems. Start a …
2026-09-22
What is Caddy Caddy is a web server and reverse proxy that automatically obtains and renews TLS certificates for your domains. Just specify the site name in the configuration, and Caddy will expose it over HTTPS: no …
2026-09-22
What is Keenetic Keenetic is a line of routers, access points and Wi-Fi extenders with its own operating system, KeeneticOS. The main thing about these devices is not the hardware specifications, but the system: it is …
2026-09-22
Virtualization allows you to run multiple independent virtual machines (VMs) on a single physical server. Each VM has its own operating system, its own disks and network interfaces, while the processor, memory and …
2026-09-22
What is Dokploy Dokploy is a panel for deploying applications to your own server. It is installed on a VPS, runs on top of Docker and Docker Swarm, and takes on what Vercel and Netlify do in their cloud: building from …
2026-09-22
What is Netlify Netlify is a cloud platform for hosting websites and automatic frontend deployment. You connect a Git repository, and Netlify builds the site on each change, publishes it to its CDN, and creates a preview …
2026-09-22
What is Vercel Vercel is a cloud platform for hosting and automatically deploying websites and frontend applications. You connect a Git repository, and Vercel builds the project and publishes it to its content delivery …
2026-09-22
When a website or web application is ready, it needs to be hosted so that every code change reaches users without manual work. This is solved in two ways: a cloud platform that handles build, hosting and content …
2026-09-22
When the office loses internet or the switch in the server room fails, everything that depends on the network stops: mail, CRM, cloud accounting, IP telephony, order processing on the website. Redundancy of communication …
2026-09-22
Appwrite — an open backend platform that was originally designed for installation on your own server. The code is released under the BSD-3-Clause license. There is also a cloud version, Appwrite Cloud, but the primary …
2026-09-22
Loki — a log storage system from Grafana Labs. Its main difference from ELK, OpenSearch and Graylog is that Loki does not build a full-text index. Only labels are indexed — a short set of key–value pairs describing the …
2026-09-22
Graylog — a platform for centralized log management. Unlike ELK, which is assembled from separate components, Graylog is originally built as a single system: intake, processing, routing, storage, search, alerts and …
2026-09-22
OpenSearch — an open data search and analytics system most often used for centralized log storage. It is a fork of Elasticsearch and Kibana: in 2021, after Elastic changed the license to SSPL and the Elastic License, …
2026-09-22
ELK Stack — the best-known software stack for centralized logging. The name is formed from the initials of three components from Elastic: Elasticsearch, Logstash, and Kibana. Together they collect logs, parse them into …
2026-09-22
Metrics show something is wrong with the system: response time has increased, memory is exhausted, the share of successful requests has dropped. To understand why this happened, you need logs — records of events written …
2026-09-22
VictoriaMetrics — a time-series database compatible with Prometheus. It is used as a long-term storage for Prometheus metrics or as a complete replacement for it — together with the vmagent collector and the vmalert …
2026-09-22
Zabbix — an “all-in-one” monitoring system: data collection, storage, triggers, alerts, dashboards and access control are combined in a single product. It’s chosen when you need to monitor servers, …
2026-09-22
Prometheus — an open-source monitoring system and time-series database (Apache 2.0 license). It was created at SoundCloud in 2012, and in 2016 the project joined the Cloud Native Computing Foundation, second after …
2026-09-22
Munin is one of the oldest open-source monitoring systems (GPLv2). It collects system metrics from servers and builds ready-made graphs from them: no query language, no separate database, and almost no configuration. The …
2026-09-22
Monitoring is the continuous collection and analysis of data about the operation of servers, networks, databases, and applications. Its goal is to detect a problem before users do: to see that disk space is running out, …
2026-09-22
Plesk — the world’s second most widespread commercial hosting control panel after cPanel. Unlike cPanel, it runs not only on Linux but also on Windows Server, and its capabilities are extended by an extensions …
2026-09-22
n8n can be used in two ways: subscribe to the developers’ cloud service n8n Cloud or install the platform on your own server. Workflows and nodes are the same in both cases; what differs are the price, …